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Diamond Alkali
Diamond Alkali Company was an American chemical company incorporated in 1910 in West Virginia by a group of glass industry businessmen from Pittsburgh. The company soon established a large chemical plant at Fairport Harbor, Ohio, which would operate for over sixty years. In 1947, the headquarters of the company was moved from Pittsburgh to Cleveland.〔http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cnNZAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zUgNAAAAIBAJ&dq=diamond%20alkali%20mayfield&pg=6527%2C389815〕 In 1967, Diamond Alkali and Shamrock Oil and Gas merged to form the Diamond Shamrock Corporation. Diamond Shamrock would go on to merge with Ultramar Corporation, and the combined company, Ultramar Diamond Shamrock Corporation, would in turn be acquired by Valero Energy Corporation in 2001.
Diamond Alkali was largely responsible for contamination leading to the creation of a Superfund Site in the Ironbound section of Newark, New Jersey. Between 1951 and 1969, Diamond Alkali in Newark produced approximately of the herbicide Agent Orange. The plant had a reputation for accidents and producing the lowest quality (most contaminated with by-products) herbicides.〔Morren, George (2007). When the Chips are Down. ISBN 978-1-59271-388-2〕 Furthermore, the firm frequently dumped "bad" batches of the herbicide into the Passaic River. The former plant property and adjoining portions of the Lower Passaic River were declared a Superfund site in 1984.〔(USEPA Region 2 Superfund: Diamond Alkali, Newark, NJ )〕 In 1986, the Diamond Shamrock Corporation agreed to pay $150,000 for a canvas tarpaulin to cover of the contaminated area.〔 Remediation efforts at Diamond Alkali began in 2000〔(Diamond Alkali Superfund Site )〕 and ecological investigation, dredging, and other cleanup activities are still underway .〔(Natural Resource Damage Assessment Plan )〕〔(http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/14/science/superfund-efforts-to-clean-waterways-come-with-a-risk.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 )〕
== Notes ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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